Before the end of 2023, you should be able to read something remarkable. It will be the story of a single individual, who they are and where they come from – and it will offer hints about what their future holds. It probably won’t be the most entertaining read on first glance, and it will be very, very long. But it will be a seminal moment – the publication online of the entire genome of a human being, end to end with no gaps.
At this point you may feel that you have heard this before. Surely the human genome was published decades ago? Isn’t that all done?
It was, in fact, never finished. The first draft of the human genome was released in 2001, before a consortium of international scientists of the Human Genome Project announced that they had “completed” the job with a finished sequence in 2003. Assembled from chunks of various people’s DNA, this became the “reference” sequence against which all other human DNA could be compared.
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It was certainly the best that could be done at the time, but had major gaps and errors. Later releases improved on it, but many of the problems persisted. Only in the last few years has technology advanced to the point that it is possible to read the entire human genome, without gaps and with minimal errors. But these have all been composites, using DNA drawn from multiple individuals. This year, for the first time, the entire genome of a single human being – a man named Leon Peshkin – is due to be released.
