Both genetic and environmental factors determine someone’s personality. Genes account for between 30-50% of the determination and the rest is made up largely of environmental experiences unique to the individual.
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As our understanding evolved, personality has been regarded as a composite of character and temperament.
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A well-established model proposes that…temperamental traits are someone’s predispositions when it comes to four areas: harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, and persistence. These are closely related to basic emotions such as fear, anger, attachment and ambition.
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Character involves an individual’s goals and values in relation to oneself and others. It is the conceptual core of personality and involves complex higher functions such as reasoning, abstraction, concept formation and interpretation of symbols.
A network involving the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes is important for these functions, with reasoning and abstraction being largely frontal lobe functions, symbolic representation served by the temporal and parietal lobes and formation of new memories facilitated by the hippocampus and the memory network.
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