How genetics has revolutionized animal breeding

When geneticists talk about genetic information, [they generally refer] to the DNA that makes up our genes. These genes function as the ‘instruction manual’ for our bodies, [providing all] the information required to build and maintain our different cells.

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[With] animal breeding, [the] goal is to exploit the small genetic differences between animals – that less than 1% difference – to breed for more economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable animals.

In recent years, being able to directly examine the DNA of all animals (a process called genotyping or DNA sequencing) has enabled farmers to receive more accurate estimates of an animal’s genetic merit for economically important traits.

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Animal breeding has changed considerably over the last few decades, and this is likely to continue as we gain more knowledge. However, the focus on improving the lives of animals and farmers remains at the [center] of these changes.

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