Were Neanderthals doomed by their inbreeding?

2-26-2019 neanderthal dna still runs in our genomes complicating the story of our origins
Image credit: Inverse

Mounting evidence suggests Neanderthals also had a habit of inbreeding, or conceiving with close relatives. Several studies have now reported this based onย genetic patterns andย bone abnormalitiesย thought to result from intra-family flings.

First, letโ€™s review the facts behind these claims of consanguinity, or mating between relatives. Then letโ€™s consider the consequences: How did inbreeding impact Neanderthal health and survival?

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The firstย strong caseย of Neanderthal inbreeding came in 2014, when scientists published a genome extracted from a toe bone found in the Altai Mountains of Siberia. Alive roughly 120,000 years ago, this Neanderthal woman had closely related parents: half-siblings, double first cousins, an uncle-niece couple or some other combo with equal relatedness.

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[Consanguinity] causes so-calledย inbreeding depression: inbred individuals have reduced evolutionary fitness, or survival and reproductive success.

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Until we have more genomes, itโ€™s hard to gauge the prevalence of inbreeding and its impact on the species overall. But we can say confidently, some Neanderthals were inbred and that didnโ€™t help their chances of surviving. Maybe it even contributed to their extinction. Hey, if inbreeding took down royal dynasties, it may have taken a toll on Neanderthals, too.

Read full, original post:ย Neanderthals Were Inbreeding. Did it Help Cause Their Extinction?

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